THE SHIA SCHOLARS AND THE WILAYAH AT-TAKWINIYYAH

[Taqavi]

What is the opinion of the Shia scholars about the Wilayah at-Takwiniyyah?

 

The great Shiite scholars all believe in the Wilayah at-Takwiniyyah of the Ahl al-Bayt (a). Some scholars have accepted the Wilayah at-Takwiniyyah for the Prophet and Imam in an absolute way, while others have accepted it as limited and specific, otherwise, the principle of having a Wilayah at-Takwiniyyah for the Ahl al-Bayt (a) is considered a certainty among Shiites; Now we will talk about the words of some great Shiite Earlier and later scholars:

The earlier scholars of Baghdad and Qom have accepted walayah at-takwiniyyah in the sense of the occurrence of extraordinary things from the Imam. In this case, Sheikh Mufid has stated that the occurrence of extraordinary things or miracles is not obligatory for the imam, but from an intellectual point of view, there is no problem in their occurrence.[1]

In the school of Qom, which is a narrative school, its scholars have narrated from many imams, doing miracles and extraordinary things, which shows their belief in the Imam's wilayah to accomplish these things. For example Shikh Sadouq, he narrates a narration that shows the  extraordinary power for Companions of Imam al-Mahdi.[2]

And Shikh Kulaini narrates a tradition that shows Imam Javad's thaumaturgical teleportation(Tayy al-Arḍ )[3], Among the later scholars, the walayah at-takwiniyyah of the imam is accepted also, we will express some views as an example:

Ayatollah Khoei: It seems that there is no doubt about their wilayah (guardianship) over all of creations.[4]

Allama Muhammad Hussein Isfahani: The Prophet (s) and the Imams(a) have absolute wilayh over all at-Takwiniyyah (natural), and at-Tashri'iyyah (legal)matters.[5]

Ayatollah Sayyid Mohammad Hadi Milani: They have total authority over all matters, and they are the mediators of God's grace.[6]

Imam Khomeini: The divine caliphate of creations belongs to the exclusive saints, like prophets and the infalable Imams (a)[7]

Therefore, it was known that the issue of the wilayah at-Takwiniyyah is certain for the Shiite scholars, and if there is a difference between the scholars, it is in its limit and amount.

 

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[1] . Sheikh Mufid, Muhammad bin Muhammad bin Numan/ Awāil al-Maqalāl/p. 68." فأما ظهور المعجزات عليهم والإعلام فإنه من الممكن الذي ليس بواجب عقلا ولا ممتنع قياسا، وقد جاءت بكونه منهم - عليهم السلام - الأخبار على التظاهر والانتشار فقطعت عليه من جهة السمع وصحيح الآثار"

[2] . Kamaluddin, vol. 2, p. 672. "إِنَّهُمْ لَيَفْتَقِدُونَ عَنْ فُرُشِهِمْ لَيْلًا فَيُصْبِحُونَ بِمَكَّةَ وَ بَعْضُهُمْ يَسِيرُ فِي السَّحَابِ يُعْرَفُ بِاسْمِهِ وَ اسْمِ أَبِيهِ وَ حِلْيَتِهِ وَ نَسَبِهِ قَالَ قُلْتُ جُعِلْتُ فِدَاكَ أَيُّهُمْ أَعْظَمُ إِيمَاناً قَالَ الَّذِي يَسِيرُ فِي السَّحَابِ نَهَاراً."

^[3] . Usul Kafi/Kulaini/vol. 1/p. 492 "…… فَقَالَ لِي قُمْ بِنَا فَقُمْتُ مَعَهُ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا مَعَهُ إِذَا أَنَا فِي مَسْجِدِ الْكُوفَةِ فَقَالَ لِي تَعْرِفُ هَذَا الْمَسْجِدَ فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ هَذَا مَسْجِدُ الْكُوفَةِ قَالَ فَصَلَّى وَ صَلَّيْتُ مَعَهُ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا مَعَهُ إِذَا أَنَا فِي مَسْجِدِ الرَّسُول ........

[4] . Misbah al-Faqih, al-Sayyid al-Khoei, vol. 6, p. 32 " فالظاهر أنه لاشبهة في ولايتهم على المخلوق باجمعهم"

[5] . Hashiyat al-Makasib, Sheikh Al-Isfahani, vol. 2, p. 406 " والنبي (ص) والائمة (ع) لهم الولاية المعنوية والسلطنة الباطنية على جميع الامور التكوينية والتشريعية"

[6] . Muhadarat fi fiqh al-Imamiyah(Al-Khams) – p. 273 " "لهم الولایة الکلیة علی الأمور کلها، فإنهم وسائط فیضه المقدس

[7] . Kitab al-Bai, vol. 2, p. 625. ""الخلافةُ الإلهیةُ التکوینیة، و هی مختصّة بالخلَّص من أولیائه، کالأنبیاء المرسلین و الأئمة الطاهرین